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Vendor cloud: Facebook does not keep WhatsApp conversations on its servers, and cloud acquisition is not generally possible with one exception.

As a result, only pending (undelivered) messages can be obtained with a legal request.

Legal requests: WhatsApp does not store conversation histories on its servers.

While WhatsApp communication is based on the Signal protocol employing end-to-end encryption, that fact alone does not make WhatsApp any more secure than other messaging apps as WhatsApp keeps a backup of its conversation histories, making them easily accessible with several acquisition techniques. With more than 2.24 billion users worldwide, WhatsApp is one of the most popular (if not the most popular) instant messengers worldwide.

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Walkthrough: Messages in iCloud: How to Extract Full Content Including Media Files, Locations and Documents, iMessage Security, Encryption and Attachments. Tools required: Elcomsoft iOS Forensic Toolkit (file system) or Elcomsoft Phone Breaker (iCloud, iCloud backups, iTunes backups) Elcomsoft Phone Viewer (viewing and analyzing). The acquisition of the user’s iMessage communications is possible but tricky because of the multiple ‘ifs’ and ‘buts’. iMessage conversations can be extracted from multiple sources, the exact list of which, however, depends on the user’s configuration. Once a file system image is captured from the iPhone, extracting and analyzing iMessage conversations is straightforward.

File system: iMessage does not feature any additional protection to the working database.

iCloud backups: Apple only stores iMessages in iCloud backups if syncing (iCloud Messages) is not enabled.

Logical acquisition allows extracting the messages.

Local backups: iMessages are always available in local backups.

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While it is possible to obtain iMessages from iCloud, one will need the complete set of authentication credentials including the user’s Apple ID and password second authentication factor and screen lock passcode or system password of one of the user’s devices. The data is encrypted with a key protected with the user’s screen lock passcode or system password. Vendor cloud: Apple keeps a copy of iMessage conversations in iCloud.In the end, Apple does not release iMessages when serving government requests. While Apple does maintain the history of iMessage conversations on its servers, the data is protected with what Apple refers to as “end-to-end encryption”. Back in 2016, the service handled some 200,000 iMessages per second.

Based on the information shared by Apple, iMessage is estimated to have about 1.6 billion active users worldwide, which is largely be based on the number of iPhone users. Being a pre-installed app, iMessage benefits from the huge user base of the entire Apple ecosystem. IMessage is preinstalled on every iPhone and iPad. So let us see the different extraction options available for the five top instant messaging apps for iOS. Imaging the file system (and, in some cases, decrypting the keychain) is always enough to gain full access to conversation histories. For some messaging apps, logical extraction via iTunes-style backups is enough, while some other messengers don’t store anything in local backups. It’s up to the vendor to decide where and how to store the data more on that later.įinally, the data can be extracted from the iPhone device itself.

We’ll discuss it in detail for each of the messaging apps.Ĭloud extraction may be possible from several sources, which include iCloud synchronized data (including end-to-end encrypted data), iCloud backups and stand-alone backups in iCloud Drive. The policies of different vendors vary greatly from near-instant full disclosure to flat non-disclosure with stops in between. The ability to obtain communication histories from the vendor is a great tool in the hands of the law enforcement.

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Even on Android devices, a MITM attack would require installing a third-party SSL certificate, and even that may not work for some instant messengers. The MITM (man-in-the-middle) attack is practically out of the question for most modern instant messaging apps if there are exceptions, we aren’t aware of those.

Speaking of iOS, there are several methods to acquiring communications going through an instant messaging app. In this article, we compare the five top instant messaging apps for iOS in the context of their forensic analysis. The acquisition of instant messaging chats and communication histories can be extremely important for an investigation. Instant messaging apps have become the de-facto standard of real-time, text-based communications.